tr_font.c

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/*
===========================================================================
Copyright (C) 1999-2005 Id Software, Inc.

This file is part of Quake III Arena source code.

Quake III Arena source code is free software; you can redistribute it
and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License,
or (at your option) any later version.

Quake III Arena source code is distributed in the hope that it will be
useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with Foobar; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
===========================================================================
*/
// tr_font.c
// 
//
// The font system uses FreeType 2.x to render TrueType fonts for use within the game.
// As of this writing ( Nov, 2000 ) Team Arena uses these fonts for all of the ui and 
// about 90% of the cgame presentation. A few areas of the CGAME were left uses the old 
// fonts since the code is shared with standard Q3A.
//
// If you include this font rendering code in a commercial product you MUST include the
// following somewhere with your product, see www.freetype.org for specifics or changes.
// The Freetype code also uses some hinting techniques that MIGHT infringe on patents 
// held by apple so be aware of that also.
//
// As of Q3A 1.25+ and Team Arena, we are shipping the game with the font rendering code
// disabled. This removes any potential patent issues and it keeps us from having to 
// distribute an actual TrueTrype font which is 1. expensive to do and 2. seems to require
// an act of god to accomplish. 
//
// What we did was pre-render the fonts using FreeType ( which is why we leave the FreeType
// credit in the credits ) and then saved off the glyph data and then hand touched up the 
// font bitmaps so they scale a bit better in GL.
//
// There are limitations in the way fonts are saved and reloaded in that it is based on 
// point size and not name. So if you pre-render Helvetica in 18 point and Impact in 18 point
// you will end up with a single 18 point data file and image set. Typically you will want to 
// choose 3 sizes to best approximate the scaling you will be doing in the ui scripting system
// 
// In the UI Scripting code, a scale of 1.0 is equal to a 48 point font. In Team Arena, we
// use three or four scales, most of them exactly equaling the specific rendered size. We 
// rendered three sizes in Team Arena, 12, 16, and 20. 
//
// To generate new font data you need to go through the following steps.
// 1. delete the fontImage_x_xx.tga files and fontImage_xx.dat files from the fonts path.
// 2. in a ui script, specificy a font, smallFont, and bigFont keyword with font name and 
//    point size. the original TrueType fonts must exist in fonts at this point.
// 3. run the game, you should see things normally.
// 4. Exit the game and there will be three dat files and at least three tga files. The 
//    tga's are in 256x256 pages so if it takes three images to render a 24 point font you 
//    will end up with fontImage_0_24.tga through fontImage_2_24.tga
// 5. You will need to flip the tga's in Photoshop as the tga output code writes them upside
//    down.
// 6. In future runs of the game, the system looks for these images and data files when a s
//    specific point sized font is rendered and loads them for use. 
// 7. Because of the original beta nature of the FreeType code you will probably want to hand
//    touch the font bitmaps.
// 
// Currently a define in the project turns on or off the FreeType code which is currently 
// defined out. To pre-render new fonts you need enable the define ( BUILD_FREETYPE ) and 
// uncheck the exclude from build check box in the FreeType2 area of the Renderer project. 


#include "tr_local.h"
#include "../qcommon/qcommon.h"

#ifdef BUILD_FREETYPE
#include "../ft2/fterrors.h"
#include "../ft2/ftsystem.h"
#include "../ft2/ftimage.h"
#include "../ft2/freetype.h"
#include "../ft2/ftoutln.h"

#define _FLOOR(x)  ((x) & -64)
#define _CEIL(x)   (((x)+63) & -64)
#define _TRUNC(x)  ((x) >> 6)

FT_Library ftLibrary = NULL;  
#endif

#define MAX_FONTS 6
static int registeredFontCount = 0;
static fontInfo_t registeredFont[MAX_FONTS];

#ifdef BUILD_FREETYPE
void R_GetGlyphInfo(FT_GlyphSlot glyph, int *left, int *right, int *width, int *top, int *bottom, int *height, int *pitch) {

  *left  = _FLOOR( glyph->metrics.horiBearingX );
  *right = _CEIL( glyph->metrics.horiBearingX + glyph->metrics.width );
  *width = _TRUNC(*right - *left);
    
  *top    = _CEIL( glyph->metrics.horiBearingY );
  *bottom = _FLOOR( glyph->metrics.horiBearingY - glyph->metrics.height );
  *height = _TRUNC( *top - *bottom );
  *pitch  = ( qtrue ? (*width+3) & -4 : (*width+7) >> 3 );
}


FT_Bitmap *R_RenderGlyph(FT_GlyphSlot glyph, glyphInfo_t* glyphOut) {

  FT_Bitmap  *bit2;
  int left, right, width, top, bottom, height, pitch, size;

  R_GetGlyphInfo(glyph, &left, &right, &width, &top, &bottom, &height, &pitch);

  if ( glyph->format == ft_glyph_format_outline ) {
    size   = pitch*height; 

    bit2 = Z_Malloc(sizeof(FT_Bitmap));

    bit2->width      = width;
    bit2->rows       = height;
    bit2->pitch      = pitch;
    bit2->pixel_mode = ft_pixel_mode_grays;
    //bit2->pixel_mode = ft_pixel_mode_mono;
    bit2->buffer     = Z_Malloc(pitch*height);
    bit2->num_grays = 256;

    Com_Memset( bit2->buffer, 0, size );

    FT_Outline_Translate( &glyph->outline, -left, -bottom );

    FT_Outline_Get_Bitmap( ftLibrary, &glyph->outline, bit2 );

    glyphOut->height = height;
    glyphOut->pitch = pitch;
    glyphOut->top = (glyph->metrics.horiBearingY >> 6) + 1;
    glyphOut->bottom = bottom;
    
    return bit2;
  }
  else {
    ri.Printf(PRINT_ALL, "Non-outline fonts are not supported\n");
  }
  return NULL;
}

void WriteTGA (char *filename, byte *data, int width, int height) {
    byte    *buffer;
    int     i, c;

    buffer = Z_Malloc(width*height*4 + 18);
    Com_Memset (buffer, 0, 18);
    buffer[2] = 2;      // uncompressed type
    buffer[12] = width&255;
    buffer[13] = width>>8;
    buffer[14] = height&255;
    buffer[15] = height>>8;
    buffer[16] = 32;    // pixel size

    // swap rgb to bgr
    c = 18 + width * height * 4;
    for (i=18 ; i<c ; i+=4)
    {
        buffer[i] = data[i-18+2];       // blue
        buffer[i+1] = data[i-18+1];     // green
        buffer[i+2] = data[i-18+0];     // red
        buffer[i+3] = data[i-18+3];     // alpha
    }

    ri.FS_WriteFile(filename, buffer, c);

    //f = fopen (filename, "wb");
    //fwrite (buffer, 1, c, f);
    //fclose (f);

    Z_Free (buffer);
}

static glyphInfo_t *RE_ConstructGlyphInfo(unsigned char *imageOut, int *xOut, int *yOut, int *maxHeight, FT_Face face, const unsigned char c, qboolean calcHeight) {
  int i;
  static glyphInfo_t glyph;
  unsigned char *src, *dst;
  float scaled_width, scaled_height;
  FT_Bitmap *bitmap = NULL;

  Com_Memset(&glyph, 0, sizeof(glyphInfo_t));
  // make sure everything is here
  if (face != NULL) {
    FT_Load_Glyph(face, FT_Get_Char_Index( face, c), FT_LOAD_DEFAULT );
    bitmap = R_RenderGlyph(face->glyph, &glyph);
    if (bitmap) {
      glyph.xSkip = (face->glyph->metrics.horiAdvance >> 6) + 1;
    } else {
      return &glyph;
    }

    if (glyph.height > *maxHeight) {
      *maxHeight = glyph.height;
    }

    if (calcHeight) {
      Z_Free(bitmap->buffer);
      Z_Free(bitmap);
      return &glyph;
    }

/*
    // need to convert to power of 2 sizes so we do not get 
    // any scaling from the gl upload
    for (scaled_width = 1 ; scaled_width < glyph.pitch ; scaled_width<<=1)
        ;
    for (scaled_height = 1 ; scaled_height < glyph.height ; scaled_height<<=1)
        ;
*/

    scaled_width = glyph.pitch;
    scaled_height = glyph.height;

    // we need to make sure we fit
    if (*xOut + scaled_width + 1 >= 255) {
      if (*yOut + *maxHeight + 1 >= 255) {
        *yOut = -1;
        *xOut = -1;
        Z_Free(bitmap->buffer);
        Z_Free(bitmap);
        return &glyph;
      } else {
        *xOut = 0;
        *yOut += *maxHeight + 1;
      }
    } else if (*yOut + *maxHeight + 1 >= 255) {
      *yOut = -1;
      *xOut = -1;
      Z_Free(bitmap->buffer);
      Z_Free(bitmap);
      return &glyph;
    }


    src = bitmap->buffer;
    dst = imageOut + (*yOut * 256) + *xOut;

        if (bitmap->pixel_mode == ft_pixel_mode_mono) {
            for (i = 0; i < glyph.height; i++) {
                int j;
                unsigned char *_src = src;
                unsigned char *_dst = dst;
                unsigned char mask = 0x80;
                unsigned char val = *_src;
                for (j = 0; j < glyph.pitch; j++) {
                    if (mask == 0x80) {
                        val = *_src++;
                    }
                    if (val & mask) {
                        *_dst = 0xff;
                    }
                    mask >>= 1;
        
                    if ( mask == 0 ) {
                        mask = 0x80;
                    }
                    _dst++;
                }

                src += glyph.pitch;
                dst += 256;

            }
        } else {
        for (i = 0; i < glyph.height; i++) {
            Com_Memcpy(dst, src, glyph.pitch);
              src += glyph.pitch;
                dst += 256;
        }
        }

    // we now have an 8 bit per pixel grey scale bitmap 
    // that is width wide and pf->ftSize->metrics.y_ppem tall

    glyph.imageHeight = scaled_height;
    glyph.imageWidth = scaled_width;
    glyph.s = (float)*xOut / 256;
    glyph.t = (float)*yOut / 256;
    glyph.s2 = glyph.s + (float)scaled_width / 256;
    glyph.t2 = glyph.t + (float)scaled_height / 256;

    *xOut += scaled_width + 1;
  }

  Z_Free(bitmap->buffer);
  Z_Free(bitmap);

  return &glyph;
}
#endif

static int fdOffset;
static byte *fdFile;

int readInt() {
    int i = fdFile[fdOffset]+(fdFile[fdOffset+1]<<8)+(fdFile[fdOffset+2]<<16)+(fdFile[fdOffset+3]<<24);
    fdOffset += 4;
    return i;
}

typedef union {
    byte    fred[4];
    float   ffred;
} poor;

float readFloat() {
    poor    me;
#if idppc
    me.fred[0] = fdFile[fdOffset+3];
    me.fred[1] = fdFile[fdOffset+2];
    me.fred[2] = fdFile[fdOffset+1];
    me.fred[3] = fdFile[fdOffset+0];
#else
    me.fred[0] = fdFile[fdOffset+0];
    me.fred[1] = fdFile[fdOffset+1];
    me.fred[2] = fdFile[fdOffset+2];
    me.fred[3] = fdFile[fdOffset+3];
#endif
    fdOffset += 4;
    return me.ffred;
}

void RE_RegisterFont(const char *fontName, int pointSize, fontInfo_t *font) {
#ifdef BUILD_FREETYPE
  FT_Face face;
  int j, k, xOut, yOut, lastStart, imageNumber;
  int scaledSize, newSize, maxHeight, left, satLevels;
  unsigned char *out, *imageBuff;
  glyphInfo_t *glyph;
  image_t *image;
  qhandle_t h;
    float max;
#endif
  void *faceData;
    int i, len;
  char name[1024];
    float dpi = 72;                                         //
    float glyphScale =  72.0f / dpi;        // change the scale to be relative to 1 based on 72 dpi ( so dpi of 144 means a scale of .5 )

    if (pointSize <= 0) {
        pointSize = 12;
    }
    // we also need to adjust the scale based on point size relative to 48 points as the ui scaling is based on a 48 point font
    glyphScale *= 48.0f / pointSize;

    // make sure the render thread is stopped
    R_SyncRenderThread();

  if (registeredFontCount >= MAX_FONTS) {
    ri.Printf(PRINT_ALL, "RE_RegisterFont: Too many fonts registered already.\n");
    return;
  }

    Com_sprintf(name, sizeof(name), "fonts/fontImage_%i.dat",pointSize);
    for (i = 0; i < registeredFontCount; i++) {
        if (Q_stricmp(name, registeredFont[i].name) == 0) {
            Com_Memcpy(font, &registeredFont[i], sizeof(fontInfo_t));
            return;
        }
    }

    len = ri.FS_ReadFile(name, NULL);
    if (len == sizeof(fontInfo_t)) {
        ri.FS_ReadFile(name, &faceData);
        fdOffset = 0;
        fdFile = faceData;
        for(i=0; i<GLYPHS_PER_FONT; i++) {
            font->glyphs[i].height      = readInt();
            font->glyphs[i].top         = readInt();
            font->glyphs[i].bottom      = readInt();
            font->glyphs[i].pitch       = readInt();
            font->glyphs[i].xSkip       = readInt();
            font->glyphs[i].imageWidth  = readInt();
            font->glyphs[i].imageHeight = readInt();
            font->glyphs[i].s           = readFloat();
            font->glyphs[i].t           = readFloat();
            font->glyphs[i].s2          = readFloat();
            font->glyphs[i].t2          = readFloat();
            font->glyphs[i].glyph       = readInt();
            Com_Memcpy(font->glyphs[i].shaderName, &fdFile[fdOffset], 32);
            fdOffset += 32;
        }
        font->glyphScale = readFloat();
        Com_Memcpy(font->name, &fdFile[fdOffset], MAX_QPATH);

//      Com_Memcpy(font, faceData, sizeof(fontInfo_t));
        Q_strncpyz(font->name, name, sizeof(font->name));
        for (i = GLYPH_START; i < GLYPH_END; i++) {
            font->glyphs[i].glyph = RE_RegisterShaderNoMip(font->glyphs[i].shaderName);
        }
      Com_Memcpy(&registeredFont[registeredFontCount++], font, sizeof(fontInfo_t));
        return;
    }

#ifndef BUILD_FREETYPE
    ri.Printf(PRINT_ALL, "RE_RegisterFont: FreeType code not available\n");
#else
  if (ftLibrary == NULL) {
    ri.Printf(PRINT_ALL, "RE_RegisterFont: FreeType not initialized.\n");
    return;
  }

  len = ri.FS_ReadFile(fontName, &faceData);
  if (len <= 0) {
    ri.Printf(PRINT_ALL, "RE_RegisterFont: Unable to read font file\n");
    return;
  }

  // allocate on the stack first in case we fail
  if (FT_New_Memory_Face( ftLibrary, faceData, len, 0, &face )) {
    ri.Printf(PRINT_ALL, "RE_RegisterFont: FreeType2, unable to allocate new face.\n");
    return;
  }


  if (FT_Set_Char_Size( face, pointSize << 6, pointSize << 6, dpi, dpi)) {
    ri.Printf(PRINT_ALL, "RE_RegisterFont: FreeType2, Unable to set face char size.\n");
    return;
  }

  //*font = &registeredFonts[registeredFontCount++];

  // make a 256x256 image buffer, once it is full, register it, clean it and keep going 
  // until all glyphs are rendered

  out = Z_Malloc(1024*1024);
  if (out == NULL) {
    ri.Printf(PRINT_ALL, "RE_RegisterFont: Z_Malloc failure during output image creation.\n");
    return;
  }
  Com_Memset(out, 0, 1024*1024);

  maxHeight = 0;

  for (i = GLYPH_START; i < GLYPH_END; i++) {
    glyph = RE_ConstructGlyphInfo(out, &xOut, &yOut, &maxHeight, face, (unsigned char)i, qtrue);
  }

  xOut = 0;
  yOut = 0;
  i = GLYPH_START;
  lastStart = i;
  imageNumber = 0;

  while ( i <= GLYPH_END ) {

    glyph = RE_ConstructGlyphInfo(out, &xOut, &yOut, &maxHeight, face, (unsigned char)i, qfalse);

    if (xOut == -1 || yOut == -1 || i == GLYPH_END)  {
      // ran out of room
      // we need to create an image from the bitmap, set all the handles in the glyphs to this point
      // 

      scaledSize = 256*256;
      newSize = scaledSize * 4;
      imageBuff = Z_Malloc(newSize);
      left = 0;
      max = 0;
      satLevels = 255;
      for ( k = 0; k < (scaledSize) ; k++ ) {
        if (max < out[k]) {
          max = out[k];
        }
      }

            if (max > 0) {
                max = 255/max;
            }

      for ( k = 0; k < (scaledSize) ; k++ ) {
        imageBuff[left++] = 255;
        imageBuff[left++] = 255;
        imageBuff[left++] = 255;

        imageBuff[left++] = ((float)out[k] * max);
      }

            Com_sprintf (name, sizeof(name), "fonts/fontImage_%i_%i.tga", imageNumber++, pointSize);
            if (r_saveFontData->integer) { 
              WriteTGA(name, imageBuff, 256, 256);
            }

        //Com_sprintf (name, sizeof(name), "fonts/fontImage_%i_%i", imageNumber++, pointSize);
      image = R_CreateImage(name, imageBuff, 256, 256, qfalse, qfalse, GL_CLAMP);
      h = RE_RegisterShaderFromImage(name, LIGHTMAP_2D, image, qfalse);
      for (j = lastStart; j < i; j++) {
        font->glyphs[j].glyph = h;
                Q_strncpyz(font->glyphs[j].shaderName, name, sizeof(font->glyphs[j].shaderName));
      }
      lastStart = i;
          Com_Memset(out, 0, 1024*1024);
      xOut = 0;
      yOut = 0;
      Z_Free(imageBuff);
            i++;
    } else {
      Com_Memcpy(&font->glyphs[i], glyph, sizeof(glyphInfo_t));
      i++;
    }
  }

    registeredFont[registeredFontCount].glyphScale = glyphScale;
    font->glyphScale = glyphScale;
  Com_Memcpy(&registeredFont[registeredFontCount++], font, sizeof(fontInfo_t));

    if (r_saveFontData->integer) { 
        ri.FS_WriteFile(va("fonts/fontImage_%i.dat", pointSize), font, sizeof(fontInfo_t));
    }

  Z_Free(out);
  
  ri.FS_FreeFile(faceData);
#endif
}



void R_InitFreeType() {
#ifdef BUILD_FREETYPE
  if (FT_Init_FreeType( &ftLibrary )) {
    ri.Printf(PRINT_ALL, "R_InitFreeType: Unable to initialize FreeType.\n");
  }
#endif
  registeredFontCount = 0;
}


void R_DoneFreeType() {
#ifdef BUILD_FREETYPE
  if (ftLibrary) {
    FT_Done_FreeType( ftLibrary );
    ftLibrary = NULL;
  }
#endif
    registeredFontCount = 0;
}

---